回答如下:
特殊疑问句句子结构:
1. 疑问词 (+ 名词 ) + 谓语动词 + 其他:
Who knows it?
Whose car broke down?
How many people know it?
Which shirt suits you?
What books interest you?
2. 疑问词 (+ 名词 ) + 一般疑问句:
Who will you go with?
Whose car will you use ?
When do you usually get up?
How much money do you have?
Where do you live ?
What books do you like ?
3. 疑问词 (+ 名词 ) + 系表结构(系动词 + 表语)或被动语态(be + 过去分词)+ 其他:
Who is ill / a doctor / injured / in the room / in ?
Whose father is arrested by the police?
反意疑问句
1.反意疑问句的定义
在陈述句的后面,加上一个简短的问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实或看法提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫反意疑问句。在朗读时,陈述句部分用降调,附加的简短问句在表示疑问时用升调,在表示肯定或强调时用降调。
2.反意疑问句的结构
(1)肯定陈述句+否定结构的附加简短问句。 Beijing is a beautiful city,isn'tit?北京是个美丽的城市,不是吗? You are late today, aren't you?今天你迟到了,不是吗?
She bought a bag yesterday,didn’t she?她昨天买了一个书包,不是吗?(2)否定陈述句+肯定结构的附加简短问句
She doesn't talk much, does she? 她不喜欢说话,是吧? You can't speak Chinese, can you?你不会说汉语,是吧?
3.反意疑问句中需要注意的问题
(1)附加的简短问句的肯定或否定结构与前面陈述句的肯定或否定相反。 It's a fine day, isn’t it?天气真好,不是吗?
Birds can't swim, can they?鸟儿不会游泳,是吧?
2)附加简短问句的主语必须和陈述句的主语一致。当陈述句的主语是名词时,附加简短问句的主语必须使用相应的人称代词。
Susan has a nice doll, doesn't she?苏珊有一个漂亮的玩具,不是吗?(she 代指 Susan) Lily and Lucy aren't sisters,are they?莉莉和露西不是姐妹,是吧?(they 代指 Lily and Lucy)(3)附加简短问句的时态必须和陈述句的时态保持一致。
My mother bought a dress for me, didn’t she?我妈妈给我买了一件连衣裙,不是吗? He won't be away for long, will he?他不会离开太久,是吧?(4)附加简短问句如果是否定结构,必须用缩写形式。
It's a long distanceisn’tit?这是一段很长的距离,不是吗?(isn’t不能写成isnot) They are students, aren’t they?他们是学生,不是吗?(arent不能写为are not)
4.反意疑问句的回答
反意疑问句用yes或no回答。如果陈述句部分叙述的内容是事实,就用yes回答,如果陈述句部分叙述的内容不是事实,就用no回答。需要注意的是,当陈述句部分为否定结构时,答语在译成汉语时有些变化。
It’s raining, isn’tit?下雨了,不是吗?
-Yes,it is. /No, itisn’t. 是的,下雨了。/不,没下雨。
-It's not raining, is it?没有下雨,是吧?
-Yes, itis. /No, it isn’t.不,下雨了。/是的,没下雨。